인성,영성 교육을위한 소중한 말씀들

의미요법(意味療法)

Smart Lee 2008. 3. 21. 14:57
 

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의미요법(意味療法)

유태계 정신분석학자빅터 프랭클(Victor Frankle)이란 분이 있다. 유태인이란 이유로 아우슈비츠 유태인 수용소에 갇혔다가 마지막까지 죽지않고 살아나올 수 있었던 인물이다. 그가 아우슈비츠 지옥에서 벗어나게 된 후에 자신의 체험에서 얻은 인간에 대한 통찰을 바탕으로 하여 정신병 치료이론을 자기 나름대로 독창적인 이론으로 발전시켰다. 그가 발전시킨 방법을 Logotherapy, 의미요법이라 부른다. 의미요법을 한마디로 단순화하여 표현하자면 정신질환에 걸린 사람에게 삶에의 진정한 의미를 깨우쳐 주고 살아가야 할 이유와 삶의 방향을 제대로 터득하도록 일깨워 주면 치료가 된다는 이론이다. 그래서 의미요법이라 일컫는 것이다.

의미요법이란 말은 영어에서 Logotherapy란 말을 그렇게 번역한 것이다. Logotherapy란 말은 Logos란 말과 Therapy말이 합쳐진 합성어(合成語)이다. Logos란 말은 헬라어에서는 진리란 말이고 성경에서는 말씀이란 말로 쓰이고 있다. Therapy란 말은 치료란 말이다. 그래서 헬라어로나 영어로써의 말의 의미를 그대로 표현하자면 진리요법 혹은 말씀요법이 된다. 이런 뜻을 지닌 말을 우리말로 번역할 때에 의미요법이라 번역한 것이다.

진리요법이란 말이나 말씀요법이란 말도 이 정신질환 치료법에 적합한 것이 삶에의 진정한 의미를 깨닫게 되면 정신병에서 회복케 되어지듯이 진리를 깨닫게 되면 방황과 고뇌, 자기상실과 소외에서 벗어나게 되는 것은 당연한 것이다. 그리고 하나님의 말씀을 깨닫게 될 때에도 정신질환에서 놓임 받게 되는 것은 당연하다 할 것이다.

 

우리들 크리스천들은 삶에의 의미를 예수 그리스도에게서 찾는 사람들이고 예수가 최종 최고의 진리임을 믿고 사는 사람들이다. 그리고 진정한 의미요법은 예수님을 만나게 되는 것임을 확신하는 사람들이다.

                               

                               (08-03-21 김진홍목사의 아침묵상)

 

영문참고자료

 

The Crisis of Identity- Man’s Search for Meaning- Some Reflections on Death

 

This last weekend I had the opportunity to take some time out for a spiritual retreat.  I was able to go with one of my dearest and closest friends to a retreat house in Fremont, Ohio, Our Lady of the Pines, run by the Sisters of Mercy.  It was a fantastic experience- there is nothing like a place that has been prayed in, and that is one of those places.  It reminded me a lot of the place in Morristown New Jersey where I spent thirty days in silence last summer. 

 

Places that have been “prayed in,” are obvious.  It is sort of like a hotel room that has been smoked in- it is in the walls and in the sheets and the bedding.  It is obvious when you first walk into the room that someone has been there who was smoking- in an analogous manner, the feeling that a place has been prayed in is just as obvious- it is in the walls and in the bedding.  It soaks into the carpet, and is reflected in the people who live and work there- it is obvious when you walk in, as you smell not the acrid smell of cigarette smoke, but the fragrence of holiness.

 

I spent the weekend in silence- except for the part where I visited my spiritual director in Toledo- the sun was out and bright (a nice change from the cloud belt of Columbus, Ohio), but there was also snow on the ground.  It made things even brighter!  on the last day I decided to go for a walk and to shoot some pictures of the grounds and the surroudning area. (I actually don’t have any pictures uploaded yet, they are still in my camera- and may be for another 3 or 4 years… you know how it goes!)  I walked through the cemetary where the sisters were buried from the decades past, and saw an even bigger cemetary just across the street.  So I mosied over there- I like cemetaries for some reason- I grew up near a giant one in Lima, so I guess I have never felt creepy there or anything like that.  Cemetaries tell a lot about the people who lived near them- whole families buried together- some people lived a long time, while others only a few days.  A gravestone is sort of like the tip of the iceburg- there is so much more about a person underneath that their marker just can’t tell.

 

 

One of the striking things about the grave markers though, was the fact that every single last one tells us about a relationship that the person it commemorates had- large or small they all had names on them.  Those names denoted a relationship with people of similar names.  As I mentioned above, there were whole families- sons, daughters, mothers and fathers- all buried together. 

 

Some of the grave stones told of a married couple- the day they were married, the kids they had, when they were born and when they died.  Some were just little kids who only lived for a few days, but were never forgotten- even 50 years after her death at the age of 4 days, one person’s gravestone read beloved daughter.  There were fresh flowers there.

 

My favorite gravestone didn’t have a picture of a family member, or even a picture of Jesus or Mary (it was a Catholic cemetary), but a tow truck- a tow truck with the name Fischer Towing was carved into the side of a gravestone!  Must have been his truck.

Certainly gets one to think doesn’t it?  I mean, as another friend of mine often says, none of us are getting out of here alive.  Where is the meaning in our lives?  Where do we go when we die?  No matter how strong one’s faith is, that second question is always unknown.  The first though, I think can be answered.

 

A few months back I read (and wrote a blog on) Viktor Frankle’s book on man’s search for meaning, entitled “Man’s Search for Meaning.”  He talked about how he survived the death camps at Auschwitz because he had a meaning and purpose.  Those who didn’t survive, often died because they lost a reason to live.  We all need that or we die- we die in our daily actions, in our relationships, and in ourselves without meaning.  We are not meant to drift- even the ancient philosophers knew that we had a “final cause,” that is, something we are directed towards.

 

 

How do we find meaning then?  I suspect that is something that we all struggle with- it is the issue of trying to figure out our identity in this life- to give our lives meaning.

 

Frankle’s solution was an interesting one- he said that we have to imagine ourselves on our deathbed, looking back at our lives.  What do we want to see there?  What would we see if that day was tomorrow?  I do not believe that this exercise is intended to be moribund, rather it is a means to focus ourselves and the direction we are supposed to in life, and the meaning we attach to our identity.

 

I have a sneaking suspicion that those grave stones I saw last week were a key to the answer.  With the exception of the tow truck guy, nobody had their occupation on their gravestone.  But everybody had some reference, even if just a name, to a relationship.  Be it to God, or their spouse, or children or parents invariably what defined people were their relationships.  That is what gives us identity and meaning- or that is what should.

 

 Even the nuns who were buried there had an R.S.M. after each of their names, denoting a relationship with their order, and the other sisters in it.

 

My spiritual director told me the story of his uncle who was very rich.  He spent his whole life amassing a great deal of wealth- he never married because he was too busy making money.  He was a very successful man- when he was in his 60’s he had a stroke and was confined to a wheelchair in a (probably very nice) nursing home.  My director told me that until the day he died he only said one phrase over and over- “what a rip-off.”

 

So I guess I would challenge you with the same exercise as Victor Frankle- if you were on your deathbed looking back on life, what would you see?  What would you want to see? What are the relationships in our lives that give us meaning, and how are they going? The answer to the second question is also the answer to our search for identity, and the search for meaning in our lives.

 

Only this way will life never become a rip-off.

 

“Nothing is more practical than finding God, that is, than falling in a love in a quite absolute, final way. What you are in love with, what seizes your imagination will affect everything. It will decide what will get you out of bed in the mornings, what you will do with your evenings, how you spend your weekends, what you read, who you know, what breaks your heart, and what amazes you with joy and gratitude. Fall in love, stay in love, and it will decide everything.”

Pedro Arrupe, S.J.

Comment

Bonnie Ryan March 2nd, 2008 10:53 pm

C.S Lewis said, ” There are two kinds of people: those who say to God ‘thy will be done’ and those to whom God says “all right then have it your way’ ” Tragically, many people will have to endure an eternity without God because they chose to live without him here on earth. when you fully comprehend that there is more to life than the here and now, and you realize that life is just a preparation for etermity, you begin to live life differently. Suddenly many activities, goals, and even problems that seemed so import!ant will appear trivial, petty and unworthy of your attention. The closer you live to God, the smaller everything else appears. ” {God’s} plans endure forever, his purposes last eternally” When anything in creation fulfills its purpose, it brings glory to God. This life is preparation for the next.
- The Purpose Driven life

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A reviewer
Paula, a teacher, 02/05/2008

This book was required reading for a masters degree class I had and the professor introduced it as 'my gift to you...' It is just that: a gift that we all need to read. It is a book I give as a gift to many. I have never read anything that moved me so deeply. What an incredible man Victor Frankl was. Let us all learn from his life.

 

 

Upon Graduating for every College Student
Jenneiy, a Psychology undergraduate, 04/13/2005

Every college student should embark to read this book before entering the world and charting their life. Although I take in the notion that everyone is entitled to follow their life's fate, the negative and harsh life experienes that we may come across should not weigh us down but rather enlighten us. Frankl's meticulous use of words and experience is helpful for any reader to relate it to our own lives. As a soon to be graduating senior from CSUF, I find this book helpful in many aspects struggling a as a minority, female, collective culture and indeed with my own personal experiences. Would like to 'pay it forward' to my collection of colleagues, friends and family.

 

 

Read Man's Search for Meaning
A reviewer, A reviewer, 01/06/2005

Victor Frankl's book Man's Search for Meaning is a book unlike anything I have ever read before. This book was absolutly phonominal, it had such a great message throughout every hardship revealed in this book. I really enjoyed learning about Victor's experiences in a concentration camp along with the psycological aspects of his experiences. This book also taught me a lot about the Nazi concentration camps that I didn't know very much about. Overall reading the book was a learning experience and it was a great book.

 

 

Great Book
Amanda (Lica612@aol.com), a high school student, 11/26/2003

Frankl's book, Man's Search for Meaning, was a phenomenal book. In it, Frankl explores the practice of a self-developed breakthrough in psychology called Logotherapy; the search for one's own personal meaning. I loved this book because it spoke truly and I could relate a lot to what is was saying. I would recommed this book to anyone who just wants a good book to enjoy and contemplate.

 

 

Changed My Life
Stephanie B. (MsBrooxi@aol.com), Student of Life, 11/05/2003

Reading this book was amazing to me, as not only did it present an incredible picture of the Holocaust, different from anything Hollywood feeds us today, but more import!antly it put everything that the author lived through into context of a bigger frame. He had the choice to give into despair or to learn and grow through his horrible horrible experiences, and not only did he emerge triumphant, but he then turned around and used his learnings to help others. A magnificant book - I don't know how anyone can read this and not be profoundly impacted by his story and his thoughts.